Keep in mind most DAWs have chord creators, scale constrainers, and arpeggiators as MIDI effects/piano roll features. Music theory isn't essential thanks to stuff like this, but it keeps you from having to stab in the dark so to speak when you're trying to get something inside your head down into the DAW. My best advice would be to learn the names of all the notes (CDEFGAB, with all but B and E naturally having a sharp note one semitone (from a white key to a black key on a keyboard or from one of the white keys to a white key right next to it without any black keys in between) that is written the same but with a # next to it (C#, D#, etc.).
From there, learn the scale degrees: Root (R), Minor Second (m2), Major Second (M2), Minor Third (m3), Major Third (M3), Perfect Fourth (P4), Augmented Fourth (+4), Perfect Fifth (P5), Minor Sixth (m6), Major Sixth (M6), Minor Seventh (m7), Major Seventh (M7), and Octave (P8). Some degrees have multiple names (Minor Sixth is also Augmented Fifth, Octave is also Perfect Eighth, and then there are the diminished notes), but if you can memorize these thirteen degrees in order you'll be good to go!
If you're going from C (the first white key before the group of two black keys) to the next C above it, every single note going up including the black keys correlates to the thirteen degrees of the scale. Go to a site like musictheory.net and check out their
Ear Training Exercises. It will make you comfortable with what the different degrees sound like in relation to each other. Eventually it will be almost like second nature to you, and you'll realize that the melody in your head goes something like "Root, Minor Seventh-Perfect Fifth-Minor Third, Perfect fifth-Perfect Fifth, Minor Seventh-Octave", or that the main melody in Knife Party's PLUR Police is P5 +4 m3 R R R, m7 (the one two semitones below it, not ten above) m3 M2 m7 (below) R R R, with the Root note being F (the first white key before the group of three black keys). Go listen to the drop of PLUR Police then try to play along using the scale degrees I mentioned. See if things start to click.
From there, all you need is practice and time!